Treatments for MS are separated into pharmacological (medications) and non-pharmacological approaches. Non-pharmacological approaches can include physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech pathology and psychology.

Firstly, medication can vary widely between individuals with MS. This is because of the complex and varied nature of the disease.

In Australia, most individuals with MS will be diagnosed and treated by a Neurologist, a medical doctor who specialises in conditions of the brain, nerves and spinal cord.

Medications prescribed for MS fall into three main categories:

• Immunotherapies – These medications reduce the activity of the immune system. This is believed to slow the severity and frequency of attacks on the myelin sheath. Examples include: Tysabri and Betaferon.
• Corticosteroid medication – Aimed and reducing the level of inflammation during the acute relapse and therefore reducing level of symptoms. Examples include: Methylprednisolone.
• Medications to help with the secondary effects of MS such as muscle spasticity, anxiety and pain. Examples include: Botox injections and anti-depressants.

• Physiotherapy – To maintain and improve movement, strength, balance and function
• Occupational Therapy – To assist with environmental modifications (such as a ramp at home) and prescribe assistive equipment
• Speech Therapy – To address communication difficulties and treat facial muscle weakness
• Psychology – To assist with primary or secondary cognitive impairments and emotional difficulties